Description
Bacillus subtilis (ABS-034) is agram positive non pathogenic bacteria, isolated from soil (India). Bacillus subtilis is considered as an ideal probiotic as it is also a normal gut commensal in humans and it has ability to tolerate extreme environmental conditions. It is considered a tough probiotic because it can form a protective endospore to keep itself alive almost indefinitely. Physical appearance of the final product is off-white to creamish white colored powder with characteristic odor. Bacillus subtilis promote digestion-assimilation, improving FCR and inducing optimal growth on cultivated animals. B. subtilis degrade organic accumulated debris from shrimp/fish cultures inducing ponds bioremediation and consequently the prevention of viral and bacterial diseases. Bacillus subtilis is known for its ability to produce B-vitamins and is highly enzymatic in nature. The use of B. subtilis has shown positive effects in reducing pathogenic pressure in the gut, resulted positive on production parameters like growth, production and feed conversion ratio without antibiotic growth promote.
Country Of Origin
India
Manufacturing
Bacillus subtilis is manufactured through a fermentation process and freeze-dried at a DSIR (Govt. of India) certified, cGMP certified plant.
Morphology
Bacillus subtilis is a gram positive, rod shaped, catalase positive bacteria, characterized by their ability to produce a robust spore, The cell wall is a rigid structure outside the cell. It does not hydrolyze phospholipids nor casein; it does hydrolyze triglycerides. It produces citrate permease and cytochrome c.
Identification
By 16s rRNA sequencing method; STRAIN CODE: ABS-034
FASTA Sequence:
GGATAACTCCGGGAAACCGGGGCTAATACCGGATGGTTGTTTGAACCGCATGGTTCAAACATAAAAGGTGGCTTCGGCTACCACTTACAGATGGACCCGCGGCGCATTAGCTAGTTGGTGAGGTAACGGCTCACCAAGGCAACGATGCGTAGCCGACCTGAGAGGGTGATCGGCCACACTGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCGCAATGGACGAAAGTCTGACGGAGCAACGCCGCGTGAGTGATGAAGGTTTTCGGATCGTAAAGCTCTGTTGTTAGGGAAGAACAAGTACCGTTCGAATAGGGCGGTACCTTGACGGTACCTAACCAGAAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGTAGGTGGCAAGCGTTGTCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGGGCTCGCAGGCGGTTTCTTAAGTCTGATGTGAAAGCCCCCGGCTCAACCGGGGAGGGTCATTGGAAACTGGGGAACTTGAGTGCAGAAGAGGAGAGTGGAATTCCACGTGTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGAGATGTGGAGGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGACTCTCTGGTCTGTAACTGACGCTGAGGAGCGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCGAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGAGTGCTAAGTGTTAGGGGGTTTCCGCCCCTTAGTGCTGCAGCTAACGCAT
BLAST result of ABS-034 (Sequences producing significant alignments with NCBI Genomic data)
Potency
Customized
Storage
In a sealed package store in a cool, dry place, preferably at temperature not exceeding 8°C.
Gastric Juice, Intestinal Juice, and Bile Salt Tolerance
Bacillus subtilis (ABS-034) exhibited excellent probiotic properties in vitro, including artificial gastric juice, intestinal juice, and bile salt tolerance
| Table: Survival rate of Bacillus subtilis at artificial gastric juice, intestinal juice, and bile (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strain | Gastric Juice | Intestinal Juice | Gastric Juice | Intestinal Juice | Bile Salt Tolerance |
| 1h incubation | incubation 1h | incubation 2h | incubation 2h | incubation | |
| Bacillus Subtilis | 100 | 100 | 92.5 | 97.05±0.5 | 95±0.5 |
| Values were expressed as means ± SDs of three independent repetitions. | |||||
Neutral and Alkaline Protease Production
| Table: Neutral and alkaline protease production of Bacillus subtilis. | |
|---|---|
| Neutral protease (U/ mL) | Alkaline protease (U /mL) |
| 198 | 144 |
| Values were expressed as means ± SDs of three independent repetitions. | |
Antimicrobial Activity Against Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria
Bacillus clausii (TBC-034) Showed good antimicrobial activities
Figure : Antibacterial activity of Bacillus subtilis against four pathogenic bacteria (Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens. Bars represented the means ± SDs of three independent repetitions.
Antibiotic Resistance
Safety consideration for probiotic microbes is the presence of DNA that provides Assessment of undesirable side-effects. Protection against the effects of antibiotics. Such antibiotic resistant genes are found naturally in bacteria, but the question is whether they are resistant to antibiotics that are used in the treatment of humans and also whether they are the type of genes that can be transferred to other bacteria. If such genes are transferrable to other bacteria, then they could be taken up by bacteria in the human gut flora and subsequently passed onto pathogens creating a new type of resistant pathogen. We tested our B. subtilis strains against a range of antibiotics, and strains were sensitive (not resistant) to all the antibiotics important in medical treatment, as listed in a report of the European Food Safety Authority.
- Not resistant to tetracycline
- Not resistant to aminoglycoside
- Not resistant to chloramphenicol
- Not resistant to MLS
- Not resistant to macrolide
- Not resistant to β-lactams
- Not resistant to quinupristin–dalfopristin
Toxin Production
Pathogenic genes; specifically, the organism were tested for the presence of genes responsible for the production of various toxins, and other harmful substances such as haemolysin (blood cell disruption) and lecithinase (cell membrane disruption). No such genes were found.
Figure : Fed with the diet of 0 and 106 CFU g−1 Bacillus subtilis were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1.5 mL of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli bacterial suspension (108 CFU mL−1) after 7 weeks of feeding. (A) The survival rate of rabbits after infection with E. coli: control and fed with the diet of 106 CFU g−1 B. subtilis (n = 14). (B) E. coli content of infected rabbits at 1 and 3 dpi (log10 CFU g−1). Bars represented the means ± SDs of three independent experiments. Mann–Whitney U test was conducted to examine differences. *P < 0.05.
Product Specifications
Bluk Density : ≥0.73 g/ml
Packaging : High barrier foil laminate bags.
Purity And Legal Status : Local regulations should always be consulted concerning the status of the product as legislation regarding its intended use may vary from country to country.
Microbiological Specifications
- Total Viable Cell: Count : >100Billion CFU/G
- Foreign Yeast and Mold : <100/g
- Enterococci : <100/g
- S. aureus : Absent/g
- E. coli : Absent/Gm
- Salmonella : Absent/Gm
- Coliform : Absent/Gm
Other Specifications
| Test | Specifications |
|---|---|
| Culture Description | Creamish white, lyophilized powder |
| Moisture Content | Less than 5% |
| Morphological Characteristics | Bacillus subtilis is is a gram positive, rod shaped, and can form a tough, protective endospore, grow in the mesophilic temperature range. The optimal temperature is 25-35°C. |
| Bulk Density | ≥ 0.7 g/ml |
| Particle Size | ≥ 90% < 250 μm |
| Heavy metals (Pb) | ≤ 1ppm |
| Heavy metals (As) | ≤ 2ppm |
| Total Heavy Metals (Ar, Cd, Pb, Cu and Hg) | ≤ 10 ppm |
| Smell (Olfactory) | Sweet, fermented Smell |